The human papilloma virus is one of the most common sexual transmission diseases.It is unlikely that there is a person who has never heard of him, because today, according to the latest data, 12% of the world population (it is about 660 million people) are infected by the HPV.
The situation is quite falling in the definition of epidemic.It is for this reason that we will understand what HPV is, how it manifests itself and what can be dangerous.
What is HPV?
It is worth noting that viruses are wandering genes, they have a sort of intelligence.The academic Koznacheev once said that about two tons of "living mass" viral-batteria cross the human body throughout their lives.All these processes, of course, influence the work of the genes.
The infection caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV) is detected at least once in life in most people sexually active.The highest prevalence is observed in women aged 20 to 24 and men from 25 to 29 years old.Among the reasons that influence the spread of HPV include socio-economic, behavioral and doctors and hygienic factors.
How the HPV is manifested
HPV (the Papillomaviridae family) causes damage to the skin and mucous membrane of a person.At the same time, their immune barrier is lower, which in the end leads to an increase in the inflammatory process.In other words, entering the body, the virus causes the growth of lower cells that are not controlled by the immune system, which is clearly manifested in the form of papillomas, warts and sugar on the skin.Another "focus" of the manifestation of this virus is the uterus.This organ is a kind of "exhaust pipe" in the body, since it acts as a direct indicator of the problems existing in the body (if present, the process of conception is impossible or difficult).The human papilloma virus affects the uterine mucosa and can cause oncology.
Types of HPV
The human papilloma virus can be divided into two categories: low oncogenic risk and high oncogenic risk.In most cases, with an infection caused by low risk HPV (1, 2, 3 and 4 types), the body covers itself due to strong immunity.In rare cases, this type of infection causes the appearance of warts, benign papillomas, precancerous injuries and even cancer.In turn, the HPVs are considered 16 and 18 of types as biological carcinogenic agents for cervical cancer, vulva, vagina, penalties, anus and golden oropharyn.
Depending on the manifestations of HPV infection on the genitals, latent, subclinical and clinical forms are distinguished:
- The latent form of HPV infection, despite the presence of DNA of the virus, is not accompanied by morphological changes in the tissue concerned.It is possible to determine the asymptomatic presence of this type of infection through molecular biological methods, for which it is necessary to constantly monitor the conditions of the epithelium of the cervix, vagina and vulva.With this form, specific treatment is not required.
- The subclinical forms of HPV infection (which occur, as a rule, asymptomatic) can be determined in colposcopy and cytological or histological examination.Most of the flat vaginal vagina remains asymptomatic, but they can often cause itching, vaginal unloading or spreadable unloading after the relationship.
- The clinical form of infection, which doctors must more often face, manifests itself mainly in the form of warts and papillary formations that occur, as a rule, in wounded places in sexual contacts.Their appearance and further recurrence are associated with the weakening of general and local immunity.An important nuance is that from the moment of the infection to the appearance of warts it can pass from several weeks to several years.The average time between infection and their appearance is 11-12 months in men and up to six months of women.
Cervical cancer - How dangerous is it?
To understand how common and dangerous this disease is, simply study the numbers.About 530 thousand cases of cervical cancer (RSM) are recorded every year in the world - is in fourth place in the world in the prevalence of cancer in women.If we consider the structure of mortality in women under the age of 45, the death of cervical cancer is primarily.
How can I be infected with HPV?
The most common way of infection are vaginal and oral sexual contacts, even without penetration.
Even a time contact with a probability of 80% leads to the infection.It is also possible to infect yourself from an oral sexual contact.A child can get a virus from a mother during childbirth.
Girls who have not reached puberty are more at risk.
The specificity of the virus is such that most men and women are infected at the beginning of sexual activity and some are repeatedly infected.
Is infection always the disease?
In a group of people with less than 30 years of 90% of cases, the infection ends with an independent cure.The remaining 10% passes into the chronic phase, which can further go to cervical cancer.This process is very elongated over time: from the moment of the development of oncology, 5-20 years pass.And cancer does not occur "suddenly", it is preceded by precancerous diseases.Therefore, with a careful attitude towards your health, the disease can be felt or identified in the early stages.
Cervical cancer in the early stages may not appear symptomatically.Therefore, it is very important to regularly visit the gynecologist and lead all recommended exams.Extremely carefully every woman should be treated with bleeding exhaust, unloading with an unpleasant smell, pain in the lower abdomen.
How are HPV and RSM diagnosed?
The diagnostic system is highly developed today and allows you to obtain high precision in the early stages.First of all, screening tests are used, including a cytological examination of the cervix, HPV test for high oncogenic risk and expanded culpypopia.
It is recommended to make the annual screening of the cervix to all women aged 21 to 69.Cytological research for women aged 21 to 29 is conducted every 3 years and from 30 to 69 years - every 5 years.The HPV test is carried out as prescribed by a doctor based on the results of the shots.
Prevention and treatment of HPV
It is better to prevent any disease than to treat - and in the case of HPV, doctors and patients have all the possibilities for this.Vaccination can be recommended as primary prevention today.The importance of this vaccination is at least highlighted by the fact that in many countries it is included in the national vaccination calendar.In addition, all children, both girls and boys come to all children.And the experience of this vaccination has already been accumulated, there are effectiveness data.In particular, the Australian health minister said that by 2020 Australia will become the first country in the world with zero cervical cancer, precisely due to mass vaccination since 2007.
Like other viruses, the HPV can be removed using various immunostimulating products, such as colostrum, cat claw, hepatic fat fat, as well as stimulating the body with various microelements: calcium, magnesium, iodine, zinc, selectium, iron.These trace elements improve immunity and favorably influence body protection from the HPV.There is a statement according to which in the case of HPV in the body, an area of matrix is formed (the first papilloma that occurred under the influence of the virus), and if it is burned and removed and the probability that the appearance of new ones is significantly reduced.With a recurring course of the disease, it is recommended to use systemic immunomodulants, in particular interferons.